What is Electroencephalography (EEG)?
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a diagnostic method used to record the electrical activity of the brain. This technique allows doctors to study the electrical signals that are generated inside the brain and are recorded by electrodes placed on the head.
- Recording brain activity: EEG is used to record the electrical activity of neurons (brain cells) as they communicate with each other. These electrical signals are generated during everyday brain activities, including thinking, sensations, feelings and motor functions.
- Diagnosis of neurological conditions: EEG is an invaluable tool for diagnosing and monitoring a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, sleep disorders, brain injuries, brain tumors and dementia. Changes in brain activity, such as epileptic seizures, can be clearly registered via EEG.
- Monitoring conditions over time: EEG can be a useful tool for monitoring how brain activity changes over time, which is especially important in the context of epilepsy or other conditions that require long-term monitoring.


When is electroencephalography necessary?
- Epilepsy and other crises of consciousness
- Sleep disorders
- Headaches
- Stroke
- Brain tumors
- Inflammation of the brain
- Brain injuries
- Degenerative diseases of the brain – dementia
- Comatose states
- Certifying brain death
How is electroencephalography performed?
Before the recording, you need a light meal, clean hair without any preparations used (gel, balm, etc.). Avoid consuming caffeinated beverages as they may affect the test results. Take your regular medication, unless your doctor tells you to skip certain medications before this test.
The recording is performed by placing a special cap on which the electrodes are located or individual electrodes are glued to the surface of the head (head) with the help of gel.
Recording is performed in a lying or sitting position with closed eyes, in a position that is comfortable for you. You may need to open or close your eyes or take deep breaths during the recording. A flashing light is used at the end of the recording.
As part of the epilepsy test, certain drugs are sometimes administered during or before the recording in order to determine changes in the electrical activity of the brain during the application of those drugs.

Potential risks of electroencephalography?
- Painless and non-invasive technique: Placing the electrodes on the scalp is painless and non-invasive, which means it does not require needle sticks or invasive procedures.
- There is a risk of provoking an epileptic attack when this examination is performed on a patient with epilepsy.